Earth or rock drill.



P atented July 29, |902.

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No. 705,9m. 'Patentedululy 29, |902.

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EARTH 0R ROCK DRILL. (Application med sept. 29. 1900.) (No Model.) 4 2 She'ts-She'et 2.

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UNITED STATES* 'PATENT OFFICE.

FERDINAND HEINRICH DANNHARDT, OF SOUTH YARRA, NEAR MELBOURNE, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TO MELROSE MAILER, OF NORTH CARLTON, yNEAR MELBOURNE, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.

EARTH OR ROCK DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 705,910, dated July 29, 1902. Application filed September 29', 1900.- Serial No. 31.507. (No model) To al whom, it may 0077/067171.:

Be it known that I, FERDINAND HEINRICH DANNHARDT, mechanical engineer, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at No.

86 Hope street, South Yarra, near Melbourne, in the British Colony of Victoria, Australia, (formerly of No. 2O Sherwood street, Richmond, near Melbourne, aforesaid,) have invented an Improved Earth or Rock Drill, of

Io which the following is a specification.

Hitherto with earth orrock drills either of the diamond or calyX? type it has been necessary to raise the boring-rods or lining-tubes out of the ground at intervals-eas, for in- I 5 stance, whenever it was necessary to sharpen,

repair, or replace the cutters. This operation, as is well known, is fraught with considerable difculty, 'and in some stratas there is grave danger of the sides of the bore cavzo ing in, and thereby entailing considerable expense by reason of p that portion of the work havingtobedoneoveragain. Nowthisinvention has been mainly devised forthe purpose of remedying this defect, and it is accomplished by the use, inter edict, of expansion-cutters mounted in a carrier capable of being disconnected from the boring-rods or lining-tubes and then drawn up inside the latter to the surface somewhat after the manner of a cage 3o being hoisted up a shaft. This operation can be effected with verylittle loss of time. Consequently the drill can be kept provided with sharp cutters at frequent intervals, thereby enabling more work to be accomplished in a given time and with less labor and expense than is possible with the boring plants at presv ent in use.

In order that this invention may be clearly understood, it will bedescribed by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure-1 is avertical central section of the lower end of a boringrod or lining-tube fitted with a cutter-carrier constructedaccording to this invention. Fig. 2is a similar view of the core-barrel which projects down from the cutter-carrier and is fitted at its lower end with steel or other cutters of any suitable kind. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line A A, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontalsection on the line B B, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a hori- 5o Zontal section on the line C C, Fig. 1. Fig.

6 is a verticalcentral section illustrating the construction 4which is preferred for the main cutters. Fig. 7 is aside elevation thereof, while Figs. Sand 9 are horizontal sections 55 through said main cutter on lines D D and E E,.Fig. 6. Fig. 10 is a plan, and Fig. 11 a side elevation, of one of the laterally-sliding bolts which are used, as hereinafter described, for the purpose of locking the cutter-carrier 6o to the boring-rods.

The carrier a, (see Fig. 1,) in or upon which the expansion cutters b are mounted, is of somewhat smaller diameter than the interior of the boring-rods or lining-tubes c, and its lower end is fitted with a core-barrel d, having a set of cutters e, constructed, preferably,

'as hereinafter described.

One of the essential features of this invention consists in the use of the eXpansion-cut- 7o ters b, so arranged that they can be forced out beyond the outside diameter of the boring-rods or lining-tubes c, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, in order to excavate the necessary space for said rods or tubes or so that they can be allowed to fold or be drawn inward into the interior of the carrier a to admit of said carrier when disconnected from the boring rods or tubes c being hoisted up the inside of said rods or tubes to the sur- 8o face.

The lower end of the boring-rods or liningtubes is thickened from the point marked j' in Fig. 1 down to the bottom, or it can be provided with a steel bush, the internal diameter in either case being somewhat less than that of the boring-rods or lining-tubes. Recesses g are provided on the inside of this bush or thickened portion to receive the ends of laterally-sliding bolts t on the cutter-car- 9o rier c, when said bolts are forced outward, hereinafter described.

In order to project or withdraw the bolts 7L and cutters l), a vertically-slidingdouble-inclined key or operating plate t' is mounted in 95 the carrier a and is secured to the lower end of alength of stout tubing7',which is weighted, as illustrated at 7o, to a sufficient extent to force said bolts h and cutters b outward. The upper end of this tube ,7' or of the weight upon it is fitted with a shackle o r other means, as illustrated at Z, for enabling a wire or other rope m to be attached to it-for the purpose of raising the key-plate if, and therefore withdrawing the bolts h, so as to unlock or disconnect the cutter-carrier a from the boringrods or lining-tubes c, and thereby enabling said carrier to be drawn to the surface up the inside of said tubes. This key-plate t' is formed with double opposite inclines n o, arranged to bear against corresponding shoulders p on said bolts, as illustrated in Figs. 3, l0, and ll, said inclines being so arranged that when the key-plate is lowered the inclines 0 will force said bolts outward,and, Vice versa, when said key-plate is raised the opposite inclines n will come into operation and will cause the withdrawal ot' said bolts. The lower end of the key-plate is formed with short double inclines or made pointed, as illustrated at q, and is adapted to bear against projections r on the cutters b, so as to force said cutters outward when said key-plate is lowered and allow them to swing inward upon their pivots s when said key-plate is raised. It will be obvious that they will be vclosed inward by coming in contact with the lower end of the boring-rods or lining-tubes when the carrier is hoisted.

Water is conveyed in any desirable manner to the upper end of the boring-rods or lining-tubes c and passes down said rods or tubes to the upper end of the carrier a. It passes through holes in the lower end of the 1u hej, thence down through ports or passages u, Figs. 3 and 5, formed down the sides of the lower solid part-of the cutter-carrier, and thence down to the main cutter and underneath saine between the diamond points or steel cutters and up onv the outside of the cutter-carrier and around the outside of the boring-rods or lining-tubes to the surface in the ordinary manner.

The expanding cutters b are preferablyprovided at their lower ends with removable cutter-points c, which can be driven out by means of a drift and be replaced when blunted or worn.

The lower end of the core-barrel d is provided with means whereby the core may be broken off at intervals after a sufficient amount of Work has been done.' For this purpose an eccentric ring 1U (see Figs. 6 and 9) is mounted in the interior of the barrel Within a correspondingly eccentric recess formed therein for the purpose, and it is iitted with a spiral or other spring whose tendency is to rotate said eccentric ring, and thereby cause it to grip the core by jamming it against the side of the core-barrel. This ring is, however, under normal circumstances held in its inoperative position by a pin or projection y, Figs. 6 and 9, upon the inner tube lining or casing z of the core-barrel.

Two or more studs or set-screws z', projecting from the said inner tube or lining of the core-barrel, serve to prevent rotation of same independently of the core-barrel without, however, preventing said inner tube or lining from being raised in order to withdraw the pin y from and thereby releasing the eccentric ring w.

The upper end of the inner tubezis engaged by a pair of hooks l, pivoted within a block or carrier 2 and connected to a pair of bars 3, extending upwardly and secured to cap 4 on the upper end of the key-plate t'.

The main cutters e consist of a series of steel plates or blades, as illustrated in Fig. 6, having their lower ends shaped like a mortisechisel and adapted each to fit within/a recess 5, formed on the inside and outside alternately of a stout sleeve 6, as illustrated in Fig. 8. The inner surfaces of the two cutters, which fit in the recesses on the inside of this sleeve, are screw-threaded to correspond with the screw-threads on the outside of a sleeve '7, which is screwed into said sleeve 6, as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 8, while the outer surfaces of the cutters, which t the recesses on the outside of said sleeve, are screwthreaded to correspond with screw-threads cut on the inside of the outer encircling sleeve 8. With this construction the cutters e will be locked securely in any position inwhich they are placed and can therefore be moved so that they will project more or less, as preferred, or in order to compensate for wear. By giving these cutters a set inward or outward alternately like the teeth of a saw 'they will cut a clearance for themselves, as

will be readily understood.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim isl. In an earth or rock drill, a cutter or tool carrier, laterally-operating sliding bolts arranged therein, a key-plate having pairs of oppositely and vertically extending inclined surfaces, the inclinedV surfaces of each pair being substantially parallel to one another, the said pairs of inclined surfaces adapted to alternately operate the said bolts laterally in opposite directions, and a weight connected to said key-plate.

2. In an earth or rock drill, the combination with the boring-rods or lining-tubes provided with recesses, of a cutter or tool carrier operating in said boring-rods or lining-tubes, cutters suitably connected to said carrier, laterally-operating sliding bolts adapted to extend through said carrier and engage in said recesses for connecting the carrier to the rods or lining-tubes, and a key-plate for expanding said cutters and having two pairs of oppositely-extending and substantially parallel inclined surfaces, said key-plate operating between said bolts for actuating them by means of said inclined surfaces.

3. In an earth or rock drill, the combination with the boring-rods or lining-tubes, of a cut- IIO ter or tool carrier operating therein, cutters suitably connected to said carrier, sliding bolts adapted to extend through said carrier and engage the said rods or tubes for connecting the former to the latter, a keyplate having two pairs of oppositely-extending inclined surfaces and operating between said bolts and cutters for actuating the same, a tube connected to said plate and provided with outlets, a Weight attached to said tube,

connecting said hooks with the saidv keyplate.

5. In an earth or rock drill, a cutter-carrier, expansible cutters suitably attached thereto, means for simultaneously actuating said cutters and for connecting said carrier to the boring-rods or lining-tubes, a core-barrel extending downwardly from said carrier, a casing within said barrel, an externally-screwthreaded sleeve connected to said barrel, a series of boringtools engaging the'screwthreads of said sleeve, and an outer sleeve engaging4 said sleeve and boring-tools for securing the latter in position.

6. In an earth or rock drill,a core-barrel provided with an eccentric recess, an inner casing for said barrel, a spring-actuated eccentric ring mounted in said recess, means for retaining said ring in an inoperative position, a sleeve connected to said barrel, a series of boringtools engaging said sleeve, and an outer sleeve engaging said sleeve and tools for securing the latter in position.

7. In an earth or rock drill, a core-barrel provided With an eccentric recess, an inner casing suitably connected thereto, a spring-actuated eccentric ring mounted in said recess, means for retaining said ring in an inoperative position, and a series of boring-tools connected with said barrel.

8. In an earth or rock drill, a cutter-carrier, laterally-operating means for connecting the cutter-carrier to the boring-rods or liningtubes, expansible cutters suitably connected to said carrier, a key-plate for expanding the cutters and provided with inclined surfaces extending parallel to one another for operating the lateral connecting means, a core-barrel extending downwardly from said expansible cutter-carrier, an inner casing suitably connected thereto, a spring-actuated eccentric ring suitably mounted in said core-barrel, means for retaining said ring in an inoperative position, a series of adjustable boringtools connected with said barrel, and a springclip suitably connected with the means for expanding the cutters and operating the lateral connectingmeans.

9. In an earth or rock drill, a cutter or tool carrier, cutters connected thereto, bolts arranged in said carrier and adapted when operated to extend through the same and engage in the boring-rods or lining-tubes for connecting the carrier thereto, and a Weighted keyplate having two pairs of oppositely and vertically extending inclined surfaces adapted to engage and operate said bolts and cutters in opposite directions.

10. In an earth or rock drill, a cutter or tool carrier, cutters attached thereto, bolts arranged in said carrier and adapted to operate the same and engage in the boring-rods or lining-tubes for connecting the carrier thereto, a key-plate having two pairs of oppositely and vertically extendinginclined surfaces 0perating between said bolts and cutters for actuating them in either direction, and vertically-operating means for operating said plate to release the bolts and for elevating said carrier independently of the boring-rods or lining-tubes.

11. In an earth or rock drill, a cutter-carrier having waterways or passages, cutters connected to said carrier, means arranged in the said carrier and adapted when operated to extend therethrough and engage in the boring- 'rods or lining-tubes for connecting the carrier thereto, and a key-plate provided with two pairs of oppositely and vertically extending inclined surfaces adapted to engage said means and said cutters for operating them.

12. In an earth or rock drill, a cutter-carrier, means carried thereby and adapted to extend therethrough for connecting said carrier to the boring-rods or lining-tubes, cutters suitably connected to the carrier, a key-plate provided with two pairs of oppositely and vertically extending inclined surfaces for actuating said means and cutters in either direction, a core-barrel suitably connected to the said key-plate, and a series of boring-tools suitably connected with said barrel.

FERDINAND HEINRICH DANNHARD'I.

Witnesses:

EDWARD WATERS, EDWARD WATERS, Jr.

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